Cain and Abel

Scripture Reference: Genesis 4:1-16, 25

Suggested Emphasis or Theme: God wants us to always do our best when we serve Him just like Abel did.

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Story Overview:

Two of Adam and Eve’s sons were Cain (a farmer) and Abel (a shepherd). Abel was faithful and offered the best meat from his best lamb in his flock to God as a sacrifice. Cain offered some produce from his crops as his offering to God. God was pleased with Abel’s sacrifice but not with Cain’s. This made Cain so angry that he killed his own brother, Abel. In punishment God exiled (or banished) Cain from the area he knew as home.

Background Study:

Adam and Eve followed God’s instructions to multiply and fill the earth when first Cain, and then Abel were born. Cain became a farmer and Abel became a shepherd. The name “Cain” comes from a Hebrew word meaning make or get. Here that word is translated “Brought forth”. To put it into English, Eve said, “With the help of the Lord I have gotten a man, so I will call him Gotten.”

The name “Abel” means a breath, a sigh, or a trifle—almost nothing. We are not told why Eve chose that name but possibly because she only had Abel a short time before he was killed. When they were grown, Abel was in the profession of raising sheep; Cain worked the soil.

We don’t know if God instructed Adam’s family to bring Him specific animal sacrifices, even though later (in Leviticus) certain types of sacrifices were specified. Both boys brought sacrifices to the Lord from the fruits of their labour, but Abel brought the best from his flock and the Lord was pleased. It was “a more excellent sacrifice” (Heb. 11:4, KJV). The Genesis account isn’t clear as to why Cain’s faith and attitude displeased God. Cain presented some of the things that grew on his farm. It is not said that he loved God enough to give the first and the best, as Abel did. With Abel, God came first. He gave God the firstborn lambs and the best of his flock. The Lord accepted and welcomed this offering.

Hebrews 11:4 says, “By faith Abel offered God a better sacrifice than Cain did.” Abel believed and trusted God so fully that he was glad to give the best he had. Perhaps Cain brought his offering unwillingly because he thought he had to. Then he was angry and disappointed when he found that God did not want that kind of worship.

Genesis 4:7 indicates that God gave Cain a second chance to obey. But instead of taking God’s advice, Cain became angry and murdered his brother. Cain was now openly rebellious.

When God asked Cain where Abel was, even though He knew the answer, God may have been giving Cain the opportunity to confess and repent. But Cain’s rebellion continued as he denied knowing where Abel was.

God pronounced a curse on Cain and his labours that caused Cain to express great anguish—but not repentance. Cain complained that his punishment was too much. The ground would not favour him with good crops, God would not look on him with favour, and anyone who saw him might kill him because he was a murderer. Even then God showed His continuing love by placing a protective mark on Cain before he went out from the presence of the Lord and lived in a land called Nod (the land of wandering). Wandering about and unable to make a living from the ground, Cain would be a warning to others not to commit murder.

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Way to Introduce the Story:

Collect pairs of objects of which one is new or in good shape and the other is old or worn (one nice and one faded and torn shirt, one nice apple and one scarred or bruised one, (if you dare!) one clean sock and one dirty one, etc.) Show the first pair to the children. “If you were coming to my house to eat, which one of these apples would you like to eat? The nice one or the rotten one?” (Let the children answer.) “Why wouldn’t you want the rotten apple?” Now use another pair of objects. “If you were going to wear your socks when someone very special walked by, which would you rather wear?”  Go through each of the objects. “If we were to give something to God should it be second best or should it be the very best? (Let children answer) In today’s lesson we are going to learn about two brothers who gave God gifts. Only one brother gave his very best.”
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The Story:

After Adam and Eve were told to leave the Garden of Eden they found a place to live where they could grow crops and raise animals. They had children. The name of one son was Cain, and the name of another son was Abel.

When the brothers grew up Cain became a farmer who worked in the fields. Abel took care of sheep.

In those days people showed their devotion to God by bringing gifts and laying them on a platform called an altar.  Cain brought some of the vegetables that he had grown and placed them on the altar.

But Abel’s heart was different from Cain’s. He did not place just anything on the altar. Abel had faith and he placed the very best of the best of his lambs and placed them on the altar.

God was pleased with the offering that Abel made. Why do you think that was? Perhaps it was because he saw that Abel loved God so much that he wanted to give his very best.

God was not pleased with Cain’s offering. When Cain saw that God was more pleased with Abel he became very angry. God saw how angry Cain was and said, “Cain, why are you so angry? If you do right, I’ll accept you. But if you don’t do right, you will sin.” God knew that if Cain did not stop being angry and jealous, he would do something terribly wrong.

When he heard this Cain should have stopped and told God he was sorry but he was so angry he did not think about doing good things. He did not control his anger but only thought about how God approved of Abel more than him.

Cain did not control his anger and jealousy. He became more and more angry that all of his anger just “boiled up” inside.

Cain said to his brother Abel, “Let’s go out in the field.” While they were in the field, Cain attacked Abel and killed him.

When God came to Cain he asked, “Where is your brother Abel?”
Cain answered, “Am I my brother’s keeper? Is it my job to keep track of him all the time?”
Cain killed his brother when he thought no one was watching but we know that God sees and knows everything that happens.

God knew what Cain had done and he knew that Cain must be punished. “Your brother’s blood is still on the ground. Your punishment is that nothing you plant in the ground will grow. You will just wander around the earth finding food wherever you can.”

Cain was upset by this. “My punishment is more than I can bear,” said Cain. “I will wander around and whoever finds me will kill me.”  So God put a special mark on Cain so that anyone seeing the mark would know not to kill him. And then Cain went away from his family and his home.

After the sad story of Cain and Abel, Adam and Eve had another son. This son’s name was Seth.

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Ways to Tell the Story:

This story can be told using a variety of methods.  Always remain true to the facts found in the Bible but help children connect to its meaning by using drama, visual aids, voice inflection, student interaction and/or emotion.
Click here for visual aids and story-telling methods.

Click here to download the slideshow or click here to download the pictures to print.
Each teacher is unique so only use the illustrations that best relate to the way YOU are telling the story in THIS lesson. Too many illustrations can be confusing so eliminate any that cover other stories or details you do not wish to emphasise in this lesson.

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Review Questions:

1. What were the names of Adam and Eve’s first sons that are mentioned in the bible? Cain and Abel
2. What were Cain and Abel’s jobs? Cain-farmer and Abel-shepherd
3. What does it mean to give God a sacrifice? To give something valuable to God
4. What did Abel offer God as a sacrifice? The firstborn of the flock (one of the lambs born first because they were the best ones)
5. What did Cain offer to God? Some of the fruit from his crops
6. Which brother gave his sacrifice because he had faith in God? Abel
7. What did Cain do to Abel when God liked Abel’s sacrifice better? He killed Abel
8. What was Cain’s punishment? He had to leave his family and wander around the rest of his life.

Song Suggestions:

• I’ve Got Something in My Pocket Song
• Rejoice in the Lord Always Song
• I’m in the Lord’s Army Song
• Refer to the Song Page on this website for more options.

Learning Activities and Crafts:

(How to choose the best learning activities for my teaching situation)
   Activities:

• Half fill one clear glass with water. Half fill an identical clear glass with white vinegar. Tell the children that these glasses represent Cain and Abel’s hearts. (Point to the glass of water) Abel’s heart was good and he wanted to give his best to God. (Put a drop or two of green food colouring in the vinegar glass and give it a stir.) The green glass represents Cain’s heart. He was jealous of his brother and he didn’t give his best to God. Let’s see what happens to their hearts when they gave gifts to God. Ask one child to put a teaspoon of baking soda in the glass of water (nothing will happen to the water). Abel gave his gift and God was pleased. Abel felt good in his heart because he knew he had given his best. Now let’s see what happened to Cain’s heart. (Have another child put a teaspoon of baking soda in the green vinegar glass). As the water bubbles and boils talk about how jealousy made Cain’s heart upset and angry.
• Bring cleaning supplies and let the children clean the classroom. God gave us a wonderful place to study His word. Let’s do our best to keep it clean to show God that we want to give our best.
• Decide on an item to bring next week to help in God’s work (a tin of food for the benevolence pantry, clothing for the needy, money for a benevolence project, stamps to help send correspondence courses, etc.)
• As a class, make a list of things you can do to be helpful to friends, parents, teachers, etc.  Have each child choose a task and give them the challenge to complete it by the next class period.

Check the Teaching Ideas page on this website for ideas that are adaptable to any lesson.Click here for “Cain and Abel” printables to print on A4 size paper
Click here for “Cain and Abel” printables to print on Letter size paper (USA) 
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Other Online Resources:

• Colouring sheet and puzzle pages (Calvary Curriculum)
• Printable pattern for toilet paper roll shepherd (DLTK)
• Cain, the farmer, made from an empty toilet paper roll instructions (DLK)
• Discussion questions and activities (Sunday School Lessons for Kids)
• Old Testament worksheets (HubPages)
• Good lesson plan, printable visuals, and activities (Bible Fun For Kids)
• Another great theme for this lesson: anger management (Kids Health)

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